The most widely used type of transistor is the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), which was invented by Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959. The three shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their achievement. The first working device to be built was a point-contact transistor invented in 1947 by physicists John Bardeen and Walter Brattain while working under William Shockley at Bell Labs.
Physicist Julius Edgar Lilienfeld proposed the concept of a field-effect transistor in 1926, but it was not possible to actually construct a working device at that time.
Some transistors are packaged individually, but many more in miniature form are found embedded in integrated circuits. Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a transistor can amplify a signal. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals controls the current through another pair of terminals. It is composed of semiconductor material, usually with at least three terminals for connection to an electronic circuit. The transistor is one of the basic building blocks of modern electronics. Wikipedia Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votesĪ transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power.
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